Leishmania infantum

a species, of the subgenus Leishmania, causing visceral leishmaniasis, and sometimes cutaneous leishmaniasis, from China across the Mediterranean basin to Brazil, transmitted by species of Phlebotomus in the Old World and by Lutzomyia longipalpis in the New World. Previously, it was considered to be two species: L. infantum, predominantly in the Old World, and L. chagasi, in Central and South America. The two are now considered to be synonymous, although they are still sometimes named separately by geographic region.