water deprivation test

water deprivation test
(for ability to concentrate urine when plasma osmolality is increased) without fasting, the patient is deprived of water for at least eight hours. Patient weight and measurements of plasma and urine osmolalities are obtained before the test and each hour after the four-hour point. In a normal individual, the osmolality of the urine should increase to two to four times that of the plasma with eight hours of water deprivation. After eight hours, vasopressin is administered and the patient is allowed to drink as usual; in normal persons this should increase the urine osmolality no more than 9 per cent in the first hour; in those with diabetes insipidus and other abnormalities the osmolality may increase between 10 and 50 per cent.

Medical dictionary. 2011.

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