dactinomycin

dactinomycin
Produced by several species of Streptomyces ( e.g., S. parvulus); an antineoplastic antibiotic used especially for Ewing sarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, and Wilms tumor in children and for trophoblastic disease in women. SEE ALSO: actinomycin. SYN: actinomycin D.

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dac·ti·no·my·cin .dak-tə-nō-'mīs-ən n a toxic antineoplastic drug C62H86N12O16 of the actinomycin group called also actinomycin D

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n.
a cytotoxic drug (an antibiotic) used mainly to treat cancers in children. It is administered by injection; side-effects include nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, blood disorders, and bone-marrow damage. Trade name: Comegen Lyovac.

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dac·ti·no·my·cin (DACT) (dak″tĭ-no-miґsin) [USP] an antineoplastic antibiotic (actinomycin D) produced by Streptomyces parvulus; it consists of a phenoxazone ring and two cyclic pentapeptide side chains and acts by binding to DNA with the ring intercalated between adjacent guanine-cytosine base pairs, resulting in blocking of transcription by RNA polymerase. It is used as an antineoplastic agent for treatment of rhabdomyosarcoma and Wilms tumor in children and is also effective against Ewing sarcoma, Kaposi sarcoma, osteogenic sarcoma and soft tissue sarcomas, testicular carcinoma, and choriocarcinoma; administered intravenously and by isolation-perfusion technique. Major side effects are nausea and vomiting, ulceration of the oral mucosa, and bone marrow depression.

Medical dictionary. 2011.

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  • Dactinomycin — Strukturformel Allgemeines Freiname Actinomycin D Andere N …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • dactinomycin — /dak teuh noh muy sin/, n. Pharm. a cytotoxic polypeptide, C62H86N12O16, isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces parvullus, used in the treatment of certain cancers. Also called actinomycin D. [reversal of actinomycin D; see ACTINOMYCIN] * * * …   Universalium

  • dactinomycin — dac·ti·no·mycin …   English syllables

  • dactinomycin — actinomycin D; n. a cytotoxic drug (an antibiotic) used mainly to treat cancers in children. It is administered by injection; side effects include nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, blood disorders, and bone marrow damage. Trade names: Comegen Lyovac …   The new mediacal dictionary

  • dactinomycin — An anticancer drug that is a type of antitumor antibiotic …   English dictionary of cancer terms

  • dactinomycin — ¦daktə̇nō¦mīsən noun ( s) Etymology: alteration of actinomycin Dutch : a toxic antineoplastic drug C62H86N12O16 of the actinomycin group called also actinomycin D * * * /dak teuh noh muy sin/, n. Pharm. a cytotoxic polypeptide, C62H86N12O16,… …   Useful english dictionary

  • DACT — dactinomycin; daily activity [UMLS] * * * dactinomycin …   Medical dictionary

  • DACT — • dactinomycin; • daily activity [UMLS] …   Dictionary of medical acronyms & abbreviations

  • Actinomycin D — Strukturformel Allgemeines Freiname Actinomycin D Andere Namen …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Gestational trophoblastic disease — Infobox Disease Name = PAGENAME Caption = DiseasesDB = 2602 ICD10 = ICD9 = ICDO = OMIM = MedlinePlus = 001496 eMedicineSubj = med eMedicineTopic = 866 MeshID = D031901 Gestational trophoblastic disease is any type of abnormal proliferation of… …   Wikipedia

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