Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)
ELISA stands for "enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay." This is a rapid immunochemical test that involves an enzyme (a protein that catalyzes a biochemical reaction). It also involves an antibody or antigen (immunologic molecules). ELISA tests are utilized to detect substances that have antigenic properties, primarily proteins (as opposed to small molecules and ions such as glucose and potassium). Some of these include hormones, bacterial antigens and antibodies. There are variations of this test, but the most basic consists of an antibody attached to a solid surface. This antibody has affinity for (will latch on to) the substance of interest, for example, human chorionic gonadotropin (HGC), the commonly measured protein which indicates pregnancy. A mixture of purified HCG linked (coupled) to an enzyme and the test sample (blood, urine, etc) are added to the test system. If no HCG is present in the test sample, then only HCG with linked enzyme will bind. The more HCG which is present in the test sample, the less enzyme linked HCG will bind. The substance the enzyme acts on is then added, and the amount of product measured in some way, such as a change in color of the solution. ELISA tests are generally highly sensitive and specific and compare favorably with radioimmune assay (RIA) tests. They have the added advantages of not needing radioisotopes or a radiation-counting apparatus.

Medical dictionary. 2011.

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  • Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay — Une plaque de microtitrage à 96 puits, couramment utilisée pour les tests ELISA. ELISA est l acronyme d un examen de laboratoire appelé (en anglais) Enzyme Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay, littéralement « dosage d immunosorption liée à… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay — Une plaque de microtitrage à 96 puits, couramment utilisée pour les tests ELISA. ELISA est l acronyme d un examen de laboratoire appelé (en anglais) Enzyme Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay, littéralement « dosage d immunosorption liée à… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay — Une plaque de microtitrage à 96 puits, couramment utilisée pour les tests ELISA. ELISA est l acronyme d un examen de laboratoire appelé (en anglais) Enzyme Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay, littéralement « dosage d immunosorption liée à… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay — (ELISA) bezeichnet ein antikörperbasiertes Nachweisverfahren (Assay). Wie der Radioimmunassay (RIA) gehört auch der ELISA zur Gruppe der Immunassay Verfahren, basiert aber nicht auf einer Radioaktivitätsmessung, sondern auf einer enzymatischen… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay — n a quantitative in vitro test for an antibody or antigen in which the test material is adsorbed on a surface and exposed either to a complex of an enzyme linked to an antibody specific for the antigen or an enzyme linked to an anti… …   Medical dictionary

  • enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay — noun Date: 1976 an in vitro method for quantifying an antigen or antibody concentration in which the test material is immobilized on a surface and exposed either to a complex of an enzyme linked to an antibody specific for the antigen or an… …   New Collegiate Dictionary

  • enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay — ˈ ̷ ̷ ˌ ̷ ̷ ¦ ̷ ̷ noun : an in vitro method for quantifying an antigen or antibody concentration in which the test material is immobilized on a surface and exposed either to a complex of an enzyme linked to an antibody specific for the antigen or …   Useful english dictionary

  • enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay — ELISA a sensitive technique for measuring the amount of a substance. An antibody that will bind to the substance is produced; the amount of an easily measured enzyme that then binds to the antibody complex enables accurate measurement …   The new mediacal dictionary

  • Тифа (Анализ Твердофазный Иммуноферментный) (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (Elisa)) — высокоэффективный способ определения количества вещества. В ходе этого анализа антитело связывается с исследуемым веществом; известное количество легко определяемого фермента, который связывается с комплексом антитела, позволяет провести точные… …   Медицинские термины

  • enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay — (ELISA) A technique used for detecting and quantifying specific antibodies and antigens …   Dictionary of microbiology

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