tolerance

tolerance
1. The ability to endure or be less responsive to a stimulus, especially over a period of continued exposure. 2. The power of resisting the action of a poison or of taking a drug continuously or in large doses without injurious effects. [L. tolero, pp. -atus, to endure]
- acoustic t. the maximum sound pressure level that can be experienced without producing pain or permanent hearing threshold shift in a normal individual.
- cross t. the resistance to one or several effects of a compound as a result of t. developed to a pharmacologically similar compound.
- frustration t. the level of an individual's ability to withstand frustration without developing inadequate modes of response, such as “going to pieces” emotionally.
- high dose t. the induction of t. by exposure to high doses of antigen.
- immunologic t. lack of immune response to antigen. Theories of t. induction include clonal deletion and clonal anergy. In clonal deletion, the actual clone of cells is eliminated whereas in clonal anergy the cells are present but nonfunctional. SYN: immunotolerance, nonresponder t..
- immunologic high dose t. induction of t. by exposure to large amounts of protein antigens.
- impaired glucose t. excessive levels of blood glucose developing after a carbohydrate-rich meal or test dosage of glucose (usually 75 g). Not necessarily diagnostic of diabetes mellitus.
- individual t. t. to a drug that the person has never received before.
- nonresponder t. SYN: immunologic t..
- pain t. the greatest intensity of painful stimulation that an individual is able to tolerate.
- species t. the insensitivity to a particular drug exhibited by a particular species.
- split t. reaction to one (or more) antigen on a cell surface but no reaction to others. SYN: immune deviation.
- vibration t. the maximum vibratory or oscillatory movements that an individual can experience and bear without pain; the limit of t. is a function of amplitude and frequency of the vibration and varies with the direction of application.

* * *

tol·er·ance 'täl(-ə)-rən(t)s n
1) the capacity of the body to endure or become less responsive to a substance (as a drug) or a physiological insult esp. with repeated use or exposure <developed a \tolerance to painkillers>
2) the immunological state marked by unresponsiveness to a specific antigen

* * *

n.
the reduction or loss of the normal response to a drug or other substance that usually provokes a reaction in the body. Drug tolerance may develop after taking a particular drug over a long period of time. In such cases increased doses are necessary to produce the desired effect. Some drugs that cause tolerance also cause dependence. See also glucose tolerance test, immunological tolerance, tachyphylaxis.

* * *

tol·er·ance (tolґər-əns) [L. tolerare to endure] 1. diminution of response to a stimulus after prolonged exposure. 2. the ability to endure unusually large doses of a poison or toxin. 3. drug t. 4. immunologic t.

Medical dictionary. 2011.

Игры ⚽ Нужно сделать НИР?
Synonyms:

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Tolerance — Tolérance Pour les articles homonymes, voir Tolérance (homonymie). La tolérance, du latin tolerare (supporter), est la vertu qui porte à accepter ce que l on n accepterait pas spontanément. C est aussi la vertu qui porte à se montrer vigilant… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • tolérance — [ tɔlerɑ̃s ] n. f. • 1561; h. 1361; lat. tolerantia 1 ♦ Fait de tolérer, de ne pas interdire ou exiger, alors qu on le pourrait; liberté qui résulte de cette abstention. Ce n est pas un droit, c est une tolérance. « Jusqu à quel point tiendrait,… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • Tolerance — Tol er*ance, n. [L. tolerantia: cf. F. tol[ e]rance.] 1. The power or capacity of enduring; the act of enduring; endurance. [1913 Webster] Diogenes, one frosty morning, came into the market place, shaking, to show his tolerance. Bacon. [1913… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • tolerance — Tolerance. s. f. v. Souffrance, indulgence qu on a pour ce qu on ne peut empescher. Longue tolerance. ce n est pas un droit, mais une tolerance. il ne jouit de cela que par tolerance …   Dictionnaire de l'Académie française

  • tolerance — (n.) early 15c., endurance, fortitude, from O.Fr. tolerance (14c.), from L. tolerantia endurance, from tolerans, prp. of tolerare to bear, endure, tolerate (see TOLERATION (Cf. toleration)). Of authorities, in the sense of permissive, first… …   Etymology dictionary

  • tolerance — [n1] open mindedness altruism, benevolence, broad mindedness, charity, clemency, compassion, concession, endurance, forbearance, freedom, good will, grace, humanity, indulgence, kindness, lenience, leniency, lenity, liberalism, liberality,… …   New thesaurus

  • tolerance — [täl′ər əns] n. [ME tolleraunce < MFr tolerance < L tolerantia] 1. a) a tolerating or being tolerant, esp. of views, beliefs, practices, etc. of others that differ from one s own b) freedom from bigotry or prejudice 2. an allowable… …   English World dictionary

  • tolerance — tolerance. См. резистентность. (Источник: «Англо русский толковый словарь генетических терминов». Арефьев В.А., Лисовенко Л.А., Москва: Изд во ВНИРО, 1995 г.) …   Молекулярная биология и генетика. Толковый словарь.

  • Tolerance — Tolerance. См. Допуск. (Источник: «Металлы и сплавы. Справочник.» Под редакцией Ю.П. Солнцева; НПО Профессионал , НПО Мир и семья ; Санкт Петербург, 2003 г.) …   Словарь металлургических терминов

  • Tolérance — (–rangß), frz., Duldung; im Münzwesen was Remedium …   Herders Conversations-Lexikon

  • tolerance — I noun abiding, ability to bear, ability to endure, ability to tolerate, ability to withstand, allowance, bravery, broad mindedness, capacity to endure, capacity to stand suffering, capacity to take pain, charter, compassion, constancy, courage,… …   Law dictionary

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”