Nerve, trigeminal

Nerve, trigeminal
This nerve functions both as the chief nerve of sensation for the face and as the motor nerve controlling the muscles of mastication (chewing). Problems with the sensory part of the trigeminal nerve result in pain or loss of sensation in the face. Problems with the motor root of the trigeminal nerve result in deviation of the jaw toward the affected side and trouble chewing. The trigeminal nerve is the fifth cranial nerve. The cranial nerves, the trigeminal nerve included, emerge from or enter the skull (the cranium), as opposed to the spinal nerves which emerge from the vertebral column. There are twelve cranial nerves. The term "trigeminal" comes from the Latin "trigeminus" meaning "threefold," referring to the three divisions (ophthalmic, maxillary and mandibular) of this nerve.

Medical dictionary. 2011.

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  • trigeminal neuralgia — n an intense paroxysmal neuralgia involving one or more branches of the trigeminal nerve called also tic douloureux * * * (tic douloureux) see neuralgia * * * severe, episodic pain in the area supplied by the trigeminal nerve, often precipitated… …   Medical dictionary

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  • trigeminal — [trī jem′ə nəl] adj. [< ModL trigeminus < L, born three together (< tri ,TRI + geminus, twin) + AL] designating or of either of the fifth pair of cranial nerves, each of which divides into three branches supplying the head and face n. a… …   English World dictionary

  • trigeminal neuralgia — n. a disorder of unknown cause, characterized by severely painful paroxysms along one or more branches of a trigeminal nerve …   English World dictionary

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