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Plaque

Translation
Plaque
(1) An semi-hardened accumulation of substances from fluids that bathe an area. Examples include dental plaque and cholesterol plaque. Minerals form dental plaque around the teeth as a result of bacterial action on food particles. Dental plaque provides an ideal environment for dental caries (cavities) to develop. To reduce the risk, plaque should be removed by daily brushing and flossing, and by regular dental cleanings. Cholesterol forms plaques on the inner walls of blood vessels and can lead to blood clot formation and stroke. The risk of these problems can be reduced by maintaining normal blood cholesterol and sometimes requires medications. (2) In dermatology, a plaque is a patch of a small area of skin that appears different than the surrounding skin and is usually raised.
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1. A patch or small differentiated area on a body surface ( e.g., skin, mucosa, or arterial endothelium) or on the cut surface of an organ such as the brain; in skin, a circumscribed, elevated, superficial, and solid area greater than 1.0 cm in diameter. 2. An area of clearing in a flat confluent growth of bacteria or tissue cells, such as is caused by the lytic action of bacteriophage in an agar plate culture of bacteria, by the cytopathic effect of certain animal viruses in a sheet of cultured tissue cells, or by antibody (hemolysin) produced by lymphocytes cultured in the presence of erythrocytes and to which complement has been added. 3. A sharply defined zone of demyelination characteristic of multiple sclerosis. 4. See dental p.. [Fr. a plate]
- atheromatous p. a well-demarcated yellow area or swelling on the intimal surface of an artery; produced by intimal lipid deposit.
- bacterial p. in dentistry, a mass of filamentous microorganisms and a large variety of smaller forms attached to the surface of a tooth that, depending on bacterial activity and environmental factors, may give rise to caries, calculus, or inflammatory changes in adjacent tissue. SYN: dental p. (2), mucous p., mucinous p..
- bacteriophage p. a clear circular zone in an otherwise confluent growth of bacteria on an agar surface resulting from bacterial lysis by bacterial viruses.
- dental p. 1. the noncalcified accumulation mainly of oral microorganisms and their products that adheres tenaciously to the teeth and is not readily dislodged; 2. SYN: bacterial p..
- Hollenhorst plaques glittering, orange-yellow, atheromatous emboli in the retinal arterioles that contain cholesterol crystals and originate in the carotid artery or great vessels.
- mucous p., mucinous p. SYN: bacterial p..
- neuritic p. SYN: senile p..
- pleural p. fibrous thickening of the parietal pleura, characteristically caused by inhalation exposure to asbestos; both microscopic and macroscopic calcification in this lesion is common.
- Randall plaques mineral concentrations on renal papillae.
- senile p. a spherical mass composed primarily of amyloid fibrils and interwoven neuronal processes, frequently, although not exclusively, observed in Alzheimer disease. SYN: neuritic p..

Medical dictionary. 2011.

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  • Plaque — or placque may refer to: * Commemorative plaque, a flat ornamental plate or tablet fixed to a wall, used to mark a significant event, person, etc. * Memorial plaque, issued to next of kin of dead British military personnel after WWI * Plaque, a… …   Wikipedia

  • plaque — 1> металлическая, фарфоровая, деревянная или пластмассовая пластина (для украшения стены или мебели); декоративная тарелка 2> дощечка, пластин(к)а с фамилией, названием учреждения и т. п. Ex: memorial plaque мемориальная доска 3> почетный знак,… …   Новый большой англо-русский словарь

  • Plaque — (frz. plaque [plak], „Platte; Fleck; Schild“) steht für: Zahnbelag, ein Biofilm auf den Zähnen Eine krankhafte Ablagerungen an den Blutgefäßwänden, siehe Arteriosklerose Senile Plaques, eine Ablagerung im Gehirn bei der Alzheimerschen Erkrankung… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Plaque — Plaque, n. [F. Cf. {Plack}, and see {Placard}.] Any flat, thin piece of metal, clay, ivory, or the like, used for ornament, or for painting pictures upon, as a slab, plate, dish, or the like, hung upon a wall; also, a smaller decoration worn on… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • plaque — noun 1) металлический или фарфоровый диск, тарелка (как стенное ук рашение) 2) дощечка, пластинка с фамилией или названием учреждения; memorialplaque 3) почетный значок 4) med. бляшка …   Англо-русский словарь Мюллера

  • plaque — plaque. См. стерильное пятно. (Источник: «Англо русский толковый словарь генетических терминов». Арефьев В.А., Лисовенко Л.А., Москва: Изд во ВНИРО, 1995 г.) …   Молекулярная биология и генетика. Толковый словарь.

  • Plaque — (frz., spr. plack), Fleck; auch s.v.w. Furnier (s. Furnieren); Plaques muqueuses (spr. mücköhs ) oder opalines (spr. ihn), Milchflecken, leichte Schleimhautverdickungen des Mundes, Symptom der Syphilis …   Kleines Konversations-Lexikon

  • PLAQUE — n. f. Lame, feuille plus ou moins épaisse, de métal, de verre, de marbre, etc. Plaque de fonte, de fer, d’argent, de cuivre. écrire, graver sur une plaque d’argent, sur une plaque de cuivre. Plaque de verre, de marbre. Apposer une plaque sur la… …   Dictionnaire de l'Academie Francaise, 8eme edition (1935)

  • plaque — f 1) пластинка; доска, дощечка; плитка, плита (также геол.) plaque de protection предохранительная пластинка, щиток plaque de feu, plaque de cheminée чугунная доска в камине plaque de base опорная плита …   Большой французско-русский и русско-французский словарь

  • PLAQUE — s. f. Table, feuille plus ou moins épaisse de quelque métal que ce soit. Plaque de fonte, de fer, d argent, de cuivre. Écrire, graver sur une plaque d argent, sur une plaque de cuivre. Certaines coiffures militaires sont ornées par devant d une… …   Dictionnaire de l'Academie Francaise, 7eme edition (1835)

  • Plaque — Cette page d’homonymie répertorie les différents sujets et articles partageant un même nom. Sur les autres projets Wikimedia : « Plaque », sur le Wiktionnaire (dictionnaire universel) Le terme plaque peut avoir différentes… …   Wikipédia en Français