Shunt

Shunt
: 1) To move a body fluid, such as cerebrospinal fluid, from one place to another. 2) A catheter (tube) that carries cerebrospinal fluid from a ventricle in the brain to another area of the body. A shunt may be placed to relieve pressure from hydrocephalus, for example.
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1. To bypass or divert. 2. A bypass or diversion of fluid to another fluid-containing system by fistulation or a prosthetic device. The nomenclature commonly includes origin and terminus, e.g., atriovenous, splenorenal, ventriculocisternal. SEE ALSO: bypass. [M.E. shunten, to flinch]
- arteriovenous s. (A-V s.) the passage of blood directly from arteries to veins, without going through the capillary network.
- cavopulmonary s. SYN: cavopulmonary anastomosis.
- Denver s. a tube placed subcutaneously that connects the abdominal cavity in a patient with ascites to the low pressure superior vena cava. Not only does this s. have a one-way valve but also a manually compressible chamber to facilitate flow.
- dialysis s. arteriovenous s. connecting the arterial and venous cannulas in arm or leg.
- Dickens s. SYN: pentose phosphate pathway.
- distal splenorenal s. anastomosis of the splenic vein to the left renal vein, usually end-to-side, for control of portal hypertension. SYN: renal-splenic venous s., Warren s..
- Glenn s. SYN: cavopulmonary anastomosis.
- H s. a side-to-side s. between adjacent vessels that uses a connecting conduit; this s. is most commonly placed between the superior mesentary vein and the inferior vena cava in patients with portal hypertension. SYN: H graft.
- hexose monophosphate s. SYN: pentose phosphate pathway.
- jejunoileal s. SYN: jejunoileal bypass.
- left-to-right s. a diversion of blood from the left side of the heart to right (as through a septal defect), or from the systemic circulation to the pulmonary (as through a patent ductus arteriosus).
- LeVeen s. a subcutaneously placed tube with an inline one-way valve used to transport ascitic fluid from the abdomen, via the jugular vein, to the superior vena cava.
- mesocaval s. 1. anastomosis of the side of the superior mesenteric vein to the proximal end of the divided inferior vena cava, for control of portal hypertension; 2. H-s. anastomosis of the inferior vena cava to the superior mesenteric vein, using a synthetic conduit or autologous vein.
- pentose monophosphate s. SYN: pentose phosphate pathway.
- peritoneovenous s. a s., usually by a catheter, between the peritoneal cavity and the thoracic central venous system.
- pleuroperitoneal s. a surgically implanted catheter for transport of fluid from a pleural space into the peritoneal cavity, where it is absorbed; used mainly for treatment of malignant pleural effusions.
- pleurovenous s. a surgically implanted catheter for transport of fluid from a pleural space into the venous system; rarely used, mainly for treatment of malignant pleural effusions.
- portacaval s. 1. surgical anastomosis between portal and systemic veins; 2. surgical anastomosis between the portal vein and the vena cava.
- portasystemic s. a s. between any parts of the portal and systemic venous systems, including portacaval, mesocaval, splenorenal shunts or spontaneously occurring shunts.
- proximal splenorenal s. anastomosis of the proximal end of the cut splenic vein to the side of the left renal vein for control of portal hypertension; this is considered a central or complete visceral venous s..
- Rapoport-Luebering s. part of the glycolytic pathway characteristic of human erythrocytes in which 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate (2,3-P2Gri) is formed as an intermediate between 1,3-P2Gri and 3-phosphoglycerate; 2,3-P2Gri is an important regulator of the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen.
- renal-splenic venous s. SYN: distal splenorenal s..
- reversed s. right-to-left s. that had previously been a left-to-right s.; rarely the opposite.
- right-to-left s. the passage of blood from the right side of the heart into the left (as through a septal defect), or from the pulmonary artery into the aorta (as through a patent ductus arteriosus); such a s. can occur only when the pressure on the right side exceeds that in the left, as in advanced pulmonic stenosis, or when the pulmonary artery pressure exceeds aortic pressure, as in one form of Eisenmenger syndrome or in tricuspid atresia.
- Scribner s. connection of an artery, customarily the radial, to the cephalic vein via a short extracorporeal catheter.
- Torkildsen s. a ventriculocisternal s.. See s. (2).
- transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic s. (TIPS) an interventional radiology procedure to relieve portal hypertension.
- Warburg-Dickens-Horecker s. SYN: pentose phosphate pathway.
- Warburg-Lipmann-Dickens-Horecker s. SYN: pentose phosphate pathway.
- Warren s. SYN: distal splenorenal s..
- Waterston s. creation of a narrow (about 3 mm) opening between the ascending aorta and the subjacent right pulmonary artery to increase pulmonary circulation in cyanotic heart disease with decreased pulmonary flow.

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shunt 'shənt vt to divert by or as if by a shunt esp to divert (blood) from one part to another by a surgical shunt
shunt n
1) a passage by which a bodily fluid (as blood) is diverted from one channel, circulatory path, or part to another esp such a passage established by surgery or occurring as an abnormality <an arteriovenous \shunt>
2 a) a surgical procedure for the establishment of an artificial shunt see PORTACAVAL SHUNT
b) a device (as a narrow tube) used to establish an artificial shunt <plastic \shunts have been used to bypass temporarily sections of major arteries (Johnson McGuire & Arnold Iglauer)>

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n.
a passage connecting two anatomical channels and diverting blood or other fluid (e.g. cerebrospinal fluid) from one to the other. It may occur as a congenital abnormality (as in septal defect of the heart) or be surgically created. See also anastomosis.

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(shunt) 1. to turn to one side; to divert or bypass. 2. a passage or anastomosis between two natural channels, especially between blood vessels; it may be formed either physiologically (e.g., to bypass a thrombosis), or by a structural anomaly. 3. a surgically created anastomosis. 4. the operation of forming such an anastomosis.

Medical dictionary. 2011.

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Synonyms:
(from one set of rails to another)


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  • shunt — [ ʃœ̃t ] n. m. • 1881; mot angl., de to shunt « dériver » ♦ Anglic. 1 ♦ Électr. Résistance, placée en dérivation, généralement aux bornes d un appareil afin de modifier son calibre ou de le protéger. ⇒ court circuit, 1. dérivation. 2 ♦ Méd. Court …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • Shunt — 〈[ ʃʌ̣nt] m. 6〉 = Nebenwiderstand [<engl. shunt „Nebengleis, elektr. Nebenschluss“] * * * Shunt   [ʃʌnt; englisch, eigentlich »(Zusammen)stoß«] der, s/ s,    1) elektrische Messtechnik: Nebenschluss.    2) …   Universal-Lexikon

  • Shunt — Shunt, n. [Cf. D. schuinte slant, slope, declivity. See {Shunt}, v. t.] 1. (Railroad) A turning off to a side or short track, that the principal track may be left free. [1913 Webster] 2. (Elec.) A conducting circuit joining two points in a… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • shunt´er — shunt «shuhnt», verb, noun. –v.t. 1. a) to switch (a train) from one track to another: »The car was uncoupled from the rest of the train and shunted into a siding (London Times). SYNONYM(S): deflection. b) to switch (anything) to another route or …   Useful english dictionary

  • Shunt — Shunt, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Shunted}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Shunting}.] [Prov. E., to move from, to put off, fr. OE. shunten, schunten, schounten; cf. D. schuinte a slant, slope, Icel. skunda to hasten. Cf. {Shun}.] 1. To shun; to move from. [Obs. or… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Shunt — may refer to:* Shunt (medical), a hole or passage allowing fluid to move from one part of the body to another * Shunt (electrical), a device allowing electrical current to pass around a point in a circuit * Shunt (railway operations), the process …   Wikipedia

  • Shunt — [schạnt; aus engl. shunt = Nebenanschluß, Nebenleitung] m; [s], s: „Nebenschluß“: a)infolge angeborenen Defektes in der Herzscheidewand (vgl. Rechts links Shunt u. Links rechts Shunt) oder infolge falscher Einmündung der großen, herznahen… …   Das Wörterbuch medizinischer Fachausdrücke

  • shunt — [shunt] vt., vi. [ME schunten < ? or akin to SHUN] 1. to move or turn to one side; turn aside or out of the way 2. to shift or switch, as a train, car, etc. from one track to another 3. Elec. to divert or be diverted by a shunt: said of a… …   English World dictionary

  • shunt — s.m.inv. ES ingl. {{wmetafile0}} 1. TS elettron. resistenza collegata in parallelo con un circuito elettrico allo scopo di diminuire l intensità della corrente che vi circola 2. TS elettr. → derivatore 3. TS edil. canna fumaria che raccoglie i… …   Dizionario italiano

  • Shunt — [ʃant] der; s, s <aus gleichbed. engl. shunt, eigtl. »(Zusammen)stoß«, zu to shunt, vgl. ↑shunten>: 1. parallel geschalteter Widerstand (Elektrot.). 2. a) infolge eines angeborenen Defekts bestehende Verbindung zwischen großem u. kleinem… …   Das große Fremdwörterbuch

  • Shunt — Shunt, v. i. To go aside; to turn off. [1913 Webster] …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

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