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Stenosis

Translation
Stenosis
A narrowing, as in aortic stenosis (narrowing of the aortic valve in the heart), pulmonary stenosis (narrowing of the pulmonary valve in the heart), pyloric stenosis (narrowing of the outlet of the stomach), spinal stenosis (narrowing of the vertebral canal, often with impingement upon the spinal cord).From the Greek “stenos” meaning narrow.
* * *
A stricture of any canal or orifice. [G. s., a narrowing]
- aortic s. pathologic narrowing of the aortic valve orifice.
- bronchial s. narrowing of the lumen of a bronchial tube. SYN: bronchiostenosis.
- buttonhole s. extreme narrowing, usually of the mitral valve.
- calcific nodular aortic s. most common type of aortic s., occurring usually in elderly men, in which the cusps contain calcified fibrous nodules on both surfaces; the causes include rheumatic fever, atherosclerosis, age-related degeneration, and congenitally bicuspid aortic valve.
- coronary ostial s. narrowing of the mouths of the coronary arteries as a result of syphilitic aortitis or atherosclerosis.
- Dittrich s. SYN: infundibular s..
- double aortic s. subaortic s. associated with s. of the valve itself, both lesions being congenital.
- fish-mouth mitral s. extreme mitral s..
- hypertrophic pyloric s. muscular hypertrophy of the pyloric sphincter, associated with projectile vomiting appearing in the first few weeks of life, more commonly seen in males. SYN: congenital pyloric s..
- idiopathic subglottic s. narrowing of the infraglottic lumen, of unknown cause; apparently occurring only in women.
- infundibular s. narrowing of the outflow tract of the right ventricle below the pulmonic valve; may be due to a localized fibrous diaphragm just below the valve or, more commonly, to a long narrow fibromuscular channel. SYN: Dittrich s..
- laryngeal s. narrowing or stricture of any or all areas of the larynx; may be congenital or acquired.
- mitral s. (MS) pathologic narrowing of the orifice of the mitral valve.
- pulmonary s. narrowing of the opening into the pulmonary artery from the right ventricle.
- pyloric s. narrowing of the gastric pylorus, especially by congenital muscular hypertrophy or scarring resulting from a peptic ulcer. SEE ALSO: hypertrophic pyloric s..
- subaortic s. congenital narrowing of the outflow tract of the left ventricle by a ring of fibrous tissue or by hypertrophy of the muscular septum below the aortic valve. SYN: subvalvar s..
- subvalvar s. SYN: subaortic s..
- subvalvular aortic s. congenital narrowing below the aortic valves due to a membrane or to a muscular hypertrophy frequently confused with valvular aortic s..
- supravalvar s. narrowing of the aorta above the aortic valve by a constricting ring or shelf, or by coarctation or hypoplasia of the ascending aorta.
- supravalvular s. s. distal to the aortic valve due usually to a congenital membrane. Patients usually have a kind of elfin facies and resemble each other more than they do members of their family.
- tricuspid s. pathologic narrowing of the orifice of the tricuspid valve.

Medical dictionary. 2011.

  
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