genetic engineering

genetic engineering
genetic engineering -.en-jə-'nir-iŋ n the group of applied techniques of genetics and biotechnology used to cut up and join together genetic material and esp. DNA from one or more species of organism and to introduce the result into an organism in order to change one or more of its characteristics
genetically engineered adj
genetic engineer n

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the techniques involved in altering the characteristics of an organism by inserting genes from another organism into its DNA. This altered DNA (known as recombinant DNA) is usually produced by isolating foreign genes, often by the use of restriction enzyme, and inserting them into bacterial DNA, often using viruses as vector. Once inserted, the foreign gene may use the cell machinery of its host to synthesize the protein that it originally coded for in the organism it was derived from. For example, the human genes for insulin, interferon, and growth hormone production have been incorporated into bacterial DNA and such genetically engineered bacteria are used in the commercial production of these substances. Some other applications of genetic engineering include DNA analysis, the production of monoclonal antibody, and - more recently - gene therapy.

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the directed manipulation of the genome of a living organism for a variety of analytical, industrial, and medical applications; many of the methods involved utilize recombinant DNA technology (q.v.).

Medical dictionary. 2011.

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  • genetic engineering — genetic engineer. Genetics. 1. the development and application of scientific methods, procedures, and technologies that permit direct manipulation of genetic material in order to alter the hereditary traits of a cell, organism, or population. 2.… …   Universalium

  • genetic engineering — ➔ engineering * * * genetic engineering UK US noun [U] (also genetic modification) PRODUCTION ► the science of changing the structure of genes, used especially in developing new food products and in medicine …   Financial and business terms

  • genetic engineering — The human manipulation of the genetic material of a cell. Dictionary from West s Encyclopedia of American Law. 2005. genetic engineering The human manipulation of the genetic material of a cell …   Law dictionary

  • genetic engineering — ► NOUN ▪ the deliberate modification of an organism by manipulating its genetic material …   English terms dictionary

  • genetic engineering — n. the branch of biology dealing with the splicing and recombining of specific genetic units from the DNA of living organisms as in order to produce new species or biochemicals …   English World dictionary

  • genetic engineering — genetic engineering. См. генная инженерия. (Источник: «Англо русский толковый словарь генетических терминов». Арефьев В.А., Лисовенко Л.А., Москва: Изд во ВНИРО, 1995 г.) …   Молекулярная биология и генетика. Толковый словарь.

  • Genetic Engineering —   [dʒɪ netɪk endʒɪ nɪərɪȖ, englisch] das, (s), die gezielte Genumwandlung mit gentechnischen Methoden. (Gentechnologie) …   Universal-Lexikon

  • genetic engineering — /dʒəˌnɛtɪk ɛndʒəˈnɪərɪŋ/ (say juh.netik enjuh nearring) noun the modification of an organism s genes through the direct isolation and transference of DNA material from one organism to another. –genetically engineered, adjective Early genetic… …  

  • genetic engineering — N UNCOUNT Genetic engineering is the science or activity of changing the genetic structure of an animal, plant, or other organism in order to make it stronger or more suitable for a particular purpose. Scientists have used genetic engineering to… …   English dictionary

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