obstructive sleep apnoea

obstructive sleep apnoea
a serious condition in which airflow from the nose and mouth to the lungs is restricted during sleep, also called sleep apnoea syndrome (SAS). It is defined by the presence of more than five episodes of apnoea per hour of sleep associated with significant daytime sleepiness. Snoring is a feature of the condition but it is not universal. There are significant medical complications of prolonged OSA, including heart failure and high blood pressure. Patients perform poorly on driving simulators, and driving licence authorities may impose limitations on possession of a driving licence. There are associated conditions in adults, the hypopnoea syndrome and the upper airways resistance syndrome, with less apnoea but with daytime somnolence and prominent snoring. In children the cause is usually enlargement of the tonsils and adenoids and treatment is by removing these structures. In adults the tonsils may be implicated but there are often other abnormalities of the pharynx, and patients are often obese. Treatment may include weight reduction or nasal continuous positive airways pressure (nCPAP) devices, mandibular advancement splint, or noninvasive ventilation. Alternatively tonsillectomy, uvulopalatopharyngoplasty, laser-assisted uvulopalatoplasty, or tracheostomy may be required.

Medical dictionary. 2011.

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  • obstructive sleep apnoea — OSA; = obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome; = OSAS a serious condition in which airflow from the nose and mouth to the lungs is restricted during sleep, also called sleep apnoea syndrome (SAS). It is defined by the presence of more than five… …   The new mediacal dictionary

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  • obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome — OSAS; see obstructive sleep apnoea …   The new mediacal dictionary

  • Obstructive sleep apnea — Classification and external resources Obstructive sleep apnea ICD 10 G …   Wikipedia

  • sleep apnoea — cessation of breathing during sleep, which may be obstructive, due to frustrated efforts to breathe against blocked upper airways (see obstructive sleep apnoea), or central, in which there is no evidence of any voluntary effort …   Medical dictionary

  • sleep apnoea — cessation of breathing during sleep, which may be obstructive, due to frustrated efforts to breathe against blocked upper airways (see obstructive sleep apnoea), or central, in which there is no evidence of any voluntary effort …   The new mediacal dictionary

  • sleep apnoea syndrome — see obstructive sleep apnoea …   Medical dictionary

  • sleep apnoea syndrome — SAS; see obstructive sleep apnoea …   The new mediacal dictionary

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  • Sleep apnea — Classification and external resources Obstructive sleep apnea ICD 10 G …   Wikipedia

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