Deletion

Deletion
Loss of a segment of DNA from a chromosome (and hence from the genome). The first human chromosome deletion was detected in 1963 by Jerome Lejeune and his colleagues in Paris. They discovered loss of part of 5p, the short (p) arm of chromosome 5, in children with a hitherto-undescribed condition with mental retardation and multiple congenital anomalies (birth defects) they named the cri du chat (cat-cry) syndrome. A chromosome deletion is the opposite of a chromosomal duplication.
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In genetics, any spontaneous elimination of part of the normal genetic complement, whether cytogenetically visible (chromosomal d.) or found by molecular techniques. [L. deletio, destruction]
- chromosomal d. a microscopically evident loss of part of a chromosome. SEE ALSO: monosomy.
- gene d. d. of a segment of a chromosome too small to be detected cytogenetically, inferred from the phenotype at one particular locus.
- interstitial d. d. that does not involve the terminal parts of a chromosome.
- nucleotide d. d. of a single nucleotide, which in a transcribed gene will lead to a frame-shift mutation. SYN: point d. (2).
- point d. 1. d. involving a submicroscopic loss of genetic material too small to be resolved by linkage analysis; 2. SYN: nucleotide d..
- terminal d. d. involving the terminal part of a chromosome and leading to a adhesive terminus.

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de·le·tion di-'lē-shən n
1) the absence of a section of genetic material from a gene or chromosome
2) the mutational process that results in a deletion

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n.
(in genetics) a type of mutation involving the loss of DNA. The deletion may be small, affecting only a portion of a single gene, or large, resulting in loss of a part of a chromosome and affecting many genes.

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de·le·tion (del) (də-leґshən) [L. deletio destruction] in genetics, the loss of any portion of the genetic material on a chromosome, ranging from loss of a single nucleotide within, which can throw the reading frame out of register and cause a frameshift mutation if it is within a coding sequence, to loss of part or all of a gene, to loss of a microscopically visible portion of the chromosome, possibly involving multiple genes.

Medical dictionary. 2011.

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  • Deletion — auf einem Chromosom. Eine Deletion (engl. delete „löschen“), auch Gendeletion, ist in der Genetik eine Variante der Genmutation bzw. Chromosomenmutation (und damit eine Chromosomenaberration), bei der eine Nukleotidsequenz bzw. ein Teil bis hin… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • délétion — [ delesjɔ̃ ] n. f. • 1961; angl. deletion « suppression », du lat. deletio ♦ Biol. Perte d un fragment d A. D. N., pouvant aller d une seule paire de bases à un gène ou à un grand fragment de chromosome, constituant une cause de mutation.… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • Deletion — De*le tion, n. [L. deletio, fr. delere. See {Delete}.] Act of deleting, blotting out, or erasing; destruction. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor. [1913 Webster] A total deletion of every person of the opposing party. Sir M. Hale. [1913 Webster] …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • deletion — deletion. См. делеция. (Источник: «Англо русский толковый словарь генетических терминов». Арефьев В.А., Лисовенко Л.А., Москва: Изд во ВНИРО, 1995 г.) …   Молекулярная биология и генетика. Толковый словарь.

  • Deletion — (v. lat.), Vernichtung; daher Deleterium, jede das Leben gewaltsam vernichtende Substanz, u. Delelerisch, vernichtend …   Pierer's Universal-Lexikon

  • deletion — index annulment, cancellation, rescision Burton s Legal Thesaurus. William C. Burton. 2006 …   Law dictionary

  • Deletion — Deletion, Verlust eines mehr (Chromosomenbereiche) oder weniger (einzelne Basen) großen Teils der DNA Sequenz …   Deutsch wörterbuch der biologie

  • deletion — 1580s, from L. deletionem (nom. deletio), noun of action from pp. stem of delere (see DELETE (Cf. delete)) …   Etymology dictionary

  • deletion — [dē lē′shən, dilē′shən] n. [L deletio] 1. a deleting or being deleted 2. a deleted word, passage, etc. 3. Genetics the absence of some normal portion of a chromosome …   English World dictionary

  • Délétion 5p — Maladie du cri du chat La maladie du cri du chat, ou syndrome de Lejeune est un trouble génétique rare chez l être humain dû à une délétion d une partie du chromosome 5. Le nom de cette maladie vient du cri monochromatique aigu qui permet le… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Deletion — For the deletion policy in Wikipedia, see Wikipedia:Deletion policy Deletion is the act of deleting or removal by striking out material, such as a word or passage, that has been removed from a body of written or printed matter. Deletion may refer …   Wikipedia

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