hemolysin

hemolysin
1. Any substance elaborated by a living agent and capable of causing lysis of red blood cells and liberation of their hemoglobin. SYN: erythrocytolysin, erythrolysin. 2. A sensitizing (complement-fixing) antibody that combines with red blood cells of the antigenic type that stimulated formation of the h., a fixing complement with the antibody-cell union resulting in lysis of the cells.
- α h. α′ hemolysis.
- β h. β hemolysis.
- bacterial h. any hemolytic agent elaborated by various species of bacteria, or by certain strains within a species.
- cold h. SYN: Donath-Landsteiner cold autoantibody.
- heterophil h. a sensitizing antibody that can combine with red blood cells of various species (in addition to those used as the antigen in stimulating the formation of the h.), resulting in hemolysis when the proper amount of complement is present.
- immune h. a sensitizing, complement-fixing, hemolytic antibody formed in an animal as the result of parenteral administration of red blood cells or whole blood from another species; immune h. may also be formed in human beings who are transfused with human blood that is antigenic in the recipient, e.g., the formation of anti-Rh antibody in an Rh-negative person who is treated with Rh-positive red blood cells.
- natural h. h. occurring in the plasma of an animal of one species, e.g., a dog, which fixes complement with the red blood cells of some other species, e.g., a rabbit, thereby causing hemolysis of the cells of the rabbit, although the dog was not previously exposed to antigenic stimulation with such cells.
- specific h. a sensitizing, complement-fixing, hemolytic antibody that reacts totally or completely with red blood cells of the antigenic type used to stimulate the formation of the h..
- warm-cold h. h. which combines with red blood cells at temperatures below 20°C and are eluted at warmer temperatures, e.g., 30–37°C. See Donath-Landsteiner cold autoantibody, hemagglutinating cold autoantibody.

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he·mo·ly·sin or chiefly Brit hae·mo·ly·sin .hē-mə-'līs-ən, hi-'mäl-ə-sən n a substance that causes the dissolution of red blood cells called also hemotoxin compare HEMORRHAGIN

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he·mol·y·sin (he-molґə-sin) [hemo- + lysin] a substance that causes hemolysis; called also erythrocytolysin and erythrolysin.

Medical dictionary. 2011.

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Look at other dictionaries:

  • hemolysin — [hē′mō lī΄sin, hem′ōlī′sin; hē mäl′ə sin] n. [< HEMO + Gr lysis, a dissolving + IN1] a substance formed in the blood, as by bacterial action, that causes the destruction of red corpuscles with liberation of hemoglobin …   English World dictionary

  • Hemolysin — Pfam box Symbol = Leukocidin Name = width =250 caption =Alpha hemolysin, a transmembrane heptamer Pfam= PF07968 InterPro= IPR001340 SMART= Prosite = SCOP = TCDB = OPM family= 35 OPM protein= 7ahl PDB=PDB3|1t5rH:57 303 PDB3|1lkfA:60 310 PDB3|2lkfA …   Wikipedia

  • hemolysin — noun Etymology: International Scientific Vocabulary Date: 1900 a substance that causes the dissolution of red blood cells …   New Collegiate Dictionary

  • hemolysin — (he mol ī sin) A substance that causes hemolysis (the lysis of red blood cells). At least some hemolysins are enzymes that destroy the phospholipids in erythrocyte plasma membranes …   Dictionary of microbiology

  • hemolysin — /hi mol i sin, hee meuh luy , hem euh /, n. Immunol. a substance, as an antibody, that in cooperation with complement causes dissolution of red blood cells. [1895 1900; HEMO + LYSIN] * * * …   Universalium

  • hemolysin — noun Any substance (often an exotoxin) that damages the membranes of red blood cells and thus releases hemoglobin See Also: hemolysis, hemolytic …   Wiktionary

  • hemolysin — n. substance which causes the dissolution of red blood cells …   English contemporary dictionary

  • hemolysin — he·mo·ly·sin …   English syllables

  • hemolysin — he•mol•y•sin [[t]hɪˈmɒl ɪ sɪn[/t]] n. imu any substance in the blood that initiates the dissolution of red blood cells, as a bacterial toxin • Etymology: 1895–1900 …   From formal English to slang

  • hemolysin — noun any substance that can cause lysis (destruction) of erythrocytes (red blood cells) and the release of their hemoglobin • Syn: ↑haemolysin, ↑erythrolysin, ↑erythrocytolysin • Hypernyms: ↑organic compound • Hyponyms: ↑ …   Useful english dictionary

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