monosaccharide

monosaccharide
A carbohydrate that cannot form any simpler sugar by simple hydrolysis; e.g., pentoses, hexoses. SYN: monose.

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mono·sac·cha·ride .män-ə-'sak-ə-.rīd n a sugar not decomposable to simpler sugars by hydrolysis called also simple sugar

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n.
a simple sugar having the general formula (CH2O)n. Monosaccharides may have between three and nine carbon atoms, but the most common number is five or six. Monosaccharides are classified according to the number of carbon atoms they possess. Thus trioses have three carbon atoms, tetroses four, pentoses five, and hexoses six. The most abundant monosaccharide is glucose (a hexose).

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mono·sac·cha·ride (mon″o-sakґə-rīd) a simple sugar; a carbohydrate that cannot be decomposed by hydrolysis. The monosaccharides are colorless crystalline substances with a sweet taste and all have the general formula CnH2nOn. They are classified according to the number of carbon atoms in the chain into dioses (C2H4O2), trioses (C3H6O3), etc., and are further classified as aldoses or ketoses.

Medical dictionary. 2011.

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Look at other dictionaries:

  • Monosaccharide — Monosaccharide,   Gruppe von einfach gebauten Zuckern mit der allgemeinen Formel CnH2nOn, die als die Grundbausteine der Kohlenhydrate anzusehen sind und sich im Gegensatz zu den Di , Oligo und Polysacchariden nicht weiter hydrolytisch spalten… …   Universal-Lexikon

  • monosaccharide — [ mɔnɔsakarid ] n. m. • mil. XXe; de mono et saccharide ♦ Biochim. Sucre de formule CnH2nOn, non hydrolysable (opposé à polysaccharide).⇒ ose. ● monosaccharide nom masculin Glucide simple constitué d une seule molécule …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • Monosaccharide — Mon o*sac cha*ride, n. Also rid rid . [Mono + saccharide.] (Chem.) A simple sugar; any of a number of sugars (including the trioses, tetroses, pentoses, hexoses, etc.), not decomposable into simpler sugars by hydrolysis. Specif., as used by some …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Monosaccharide — (Monosen), s. Kohlehydrate …   Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon

  • Monosaccharide — Monosaccharide, s. Kohlehydrate …   Lexikon der gesamten Technik

  • Monosaccharide — Monosaccharide, Einfachzucker, Formel CnH2nOn, nach der Anzahl ihrer C Atome (Triosen, Tetrosen, Pentosen, Hexosen ...) klassifizierte Monomeren der ⇒ Kohlenhydrate; haben in den Organismen wichtige Funktionen als Speicherstoff (z.B. Glucose,… …   Deutsch wörterbuch der biologie

  • monosaccharide — ► NOUN ▪ a sugar (e.g. glucose) that cannot be broken down to give a simpler sugar …   English terms dictionary

  • monosaccharide — [män΄ō sak′ə rīd΄] n. [ MONO + SACCHARIDE] a carbohydrate, CxH2xOx, not decomposable by hydrolysis; esp., a hexose sugar, C6H12O6, as glucose, fructose, or galactose …   English World dictionary

  • Monosaccharide — Monosaccharides (from Greek monos: single, sacchar: sugar) are the most basic units of biologically important carbohydrates. They are the simplest form of sugar and are usually colorless, water soluble, crystalline solids. Some monosaccharides… …   Wikipedia

  • Monosaccharide — D und L Ribose in Fischer Projektion …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • monosaccharide — /mon euh sak euh ruyd , euhr id/, n. Chem. a carbohydrate that does not hydrolyze, as glucose, fructose, or ribose, occurring naturally or obtained by the hydrolysis of glycosides or polysaccharides. Also, monosaccharose /mon euh sak euh rohs /.… …   Universalium

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