Gene amplification

Gene amplification
Making multiple copies of a gene. Repeated copying of a gene. Gene amplification plays a role in cancer cells. A tumor cell amplifies, or copies, DNA segments as a result of cell signals and sometimes environmental events. Amplification can occur in vivo (in the living individual) or in vitro (literally "in glass", or in a plastic vessel in the laboratory).

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1. selective replication of a specific gene or genes disproportionate to their representation in the parent molecule, such as that occurring in specific cells in response to signals of cell development or to stress from the environment. A common place where this occurs is in malignant cells. 2. a term sometimes used to denote in vitro nucleic acid amplification (q.v.), even though the sequence amplified may not correspond precisely to a gene.

Medical dictionary. 2011.

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  • gene amplification — gene′ amplifica tion n. 1) gen an increase in the frequency of replication of a DNA segment 2) lab such an increase induced by a polymerase chain reaction • Etymology: 1970–75 …   From formal English to slang

  • gene amplification — The selective production of multiple copies of one gene without a proportional increase in others …   Glossary of Biotechnology

  • gene amplification technique — a term sometimes used to denote a nucleic acid amplification technique, although the segment of DNA or RNA undergoing amplification does not necessarily correspond to a single, entire gene …   Medical dictionary

  • gene amplification — Selective replication of DNA sequence within a cell, producing multiple extra copies of that sequence. The best known example occurs during the maturation of the oocyte of Xenopus, where the set (normally 500 copies) of ribosomal RNA genes is… …   Dictionary of molecular biology

  • gene amplification — 1. an increase in the frequency of replication of a DNA segment. 2. such an increase induced by a polymerase chain reaction. [1970 75] * * * …   Universalium

  • gene amplification — 1. an increase in the frequency of replication of a DNA segment. 2. such an increase induced by a polymerase chain reaction. [1970 75] …   Useful english dictionary

  • Gene duplication — Schematic of a region of a chromosome before and after a duplication event Gene duplication (or chromosomal duplication or gene amplification) is any duplication of a region of DNA that contains a gene; it may occur as an error in homologous… …   Wikipedia

  • Amplification — Making multiple copies of a gene or of any sequence of DNA. Repeated copying of a piece of DNA. In amplification there is an increase in the number of copies of any particular piece of DNA. Gene amplification plays a role in cancer cells. A tumor …   Medical dictionary

  • amplification — /am pleuh fi kay sheuhn/, n. 1. the act of amplifying or the state of being amplified. 2. expansion of a statement, narrative, etc., as for rhetorical purposes: In the revision, the story underwent considerable amplification. 3. a statement,… …   Universalium

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