Genomic imprinting

Genomic imprinting
The phenomenon of parent-of-origin gene expression. The expression of a gene depends upon the parent who passed on the gene. For instance, two different disorders – Prader-Willi syndrome and Angelman syndrome — are due to deletion of the same part of chromosome 15. When the deletion involves the chromosome 15 that came from the father, the child has Prader-Willi syndrome, but when the deletion involves the chromosome 15 that came from the mother, the child has Angelman syndrome. Genomic imprinting plays a critical role in fetal growth and development. Imprinting is regulated by DNA methylation and chromatin structure.

* * *

genomic imprinting n genetic alteration of a gene or its expression that is inferred to take place from the observation that certain genes are expressed differently depending on whether they are inherited from the paternal or maternal parent called also genetic imprinting, imprinting

* * *

differential expression of a gene or genes as a function of inheritance from the male versus the female parent, e.g., a deletion on chromosome 15 that causes Prader-Willi syndrome if inherited from the father causes instead Angelman syndrome if inherited from the mother. Imprinting appears to be controlled by DNA methylation patterns that are not erased during gametogenesis.

Medical dictionary. 2011.

Игры ⚽ Нужно сделать НИР?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Genomic imprinting — is a genetic phenomenon by which certain genes are expressed in a parent of origin specific manner. It is an inheritance process independent of the classical Mendelian inheritance. Imprinted genes are either expressed only from the allele… …   Wikipedia

  • genomic imprinting — genomic imprinting. parental imprinting (cм.). (Источник: «Англо русский толковый словарь генетических терминов». Арефьев В.А., Лисовенко Л.А., Москва: Изд во ВНИРО, 1995 г.) …   Молекулярная биология и генетика. Толковый словарь.

  • Genomic Imprinting — Genomische Prägung (engl. genomic imprinting) ist ein Vererbungsprinzip unabhängig von der klassischen mendelschen Vererbung (Gene, Allele): Gene, die dem Genomic Imprinting unterliegen (imprintete Gene), werden abhängig von ihrer elterlichen… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • genomic imprinting — Parent specific expression or repression of genes or chromosomes in offspring. There are an increasing number of recognized chromosomal imprinting events in pathological conditions: eg. preferential transmission of paternal or maternal… …   Dictionary of molecular biology

  • genomic imprinting — noun see imprinting II …   Useful english dictionary

  • Imprinting — may mean: * Genomic imprinting, a mechanism of regulating gene expression * Imprinting (psychology), in psychology and ethology * Molecular imprinting, in polymer chemistry * Metabolic imprinting, the phenomenon by which the metabolism of the… …   Wikipedia

  • Imprinting — Genomische Prägung (engl. genomic imprinting) bezeichnet das Phänomen, dass die Expression von Genen davon abhängen kann, von welchem Elternteil das Allel stammt. Dieses Vererbungsschema steht im Widerspruch zur klassischen mendelschen Vererbung …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Imprinting, genomic — The phenomenon of parent of origin gene expression. The expression of a gene depends upon the parent who passed on the gene. For instance, two different disorders – Prader Willi syndrome and Angelman syndrome are due to deletion of the same …   Medical dictionary

  • imprinting — A particular kind of learning characterized by its occurrence in the first few hours of life, and which determines species recognition behavior. genomic i. epigenetic process that leads to inactivation of paternal or maternal allele of certain… …   Medical dictionary

  • imprinting — See genomic imprinting …   Dictionary of molecular biology

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”