ribonuclease

ribonuclease
A transferase or phosphodiesterase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of ribonucleic acid. SEE ALSO: r. (pancreatic), r. (Bacillus subtilis). SYN: ribonucleinase.
- RNase A r. (pancreatic).
- alkaline RNase r. (pancreatic).
- RNase α an enzyme catalyzing endonucleolytic cleavage of O-methylated RNA yielding 5′-phosphomonoesters.
- r. D (RNase D) an enzyme (endonuclease) that trims the extra 3′ nucleotides from immature tRNA.
- Escherichia coli RNase I SYN: RNase T2.
- RNase I r. (pancreatic).
- RNase II an enzyme cleaving RNA exonucleolytically in the 3′ to 5′ direction, yielding 5′-phosphomononucleotides. SEE ALSO: microbial RNase II.
- RNase III an enzyme catalyzing endonucleolytic cleavage of double-stranded RNA, yielding 5′-phosphomonoesters.
- microbial RNase II SYN: RNase T2.
- RNase N1 SYN: RNase T1.
- RNase N2 SYN: RNase T2.
- RNase P an enzyme catalyzing the endonucleolytic cleavage tRNA precursors to yield 5′-phosphomonoesters.
- pancreatic RNase r. (pancreatic).
- plant RNase SYN: RNase T2.
- RNase T1 a nuclease endonucleolytically cleaving ribonucleic acid s at the 3′-5′ link of a guanosine 3′-phosphate residue, producing oligonucleotides terminating in this nucleotide; a transferase (endonuclease) in the first (cyclizing) step, a phosphodiesterase on the second (hydrolyzing) step. SYN: guanyloribonuclease, RNase N1.
- RNase T2 an enzyme endonucleolytically cleaving RNA to 3′-nucleotides with 2′,3′-cyclic nucleotides as intermediates. SYN: Escherichia coli RNase I, microbial RNase II, plant RNase, RNase N2.
- RNase U2 an enzyme endonucleolytically cleaving RNA to 3′-phosphomono- and 3′-phosphooligonucleotides ending in adenylate or guanylate residues with 2′,3′-cyclic phosphate intermediates.
- RNase U4 SYN: yeast RNase.
- yeast RNase an enzyme catalyzing the exonucleolytic cleavage of RNA to yield 3′-phosphomononucleotides. SYN: RNase U4.
1. Ribonuclease (Azotobacter agilis); ribonuclease (Proteus mirabilis); an enzyme catalyzing the endonucleolytic cleavage of RNA to yield 2′,3′-cyclic nucleotides. 2. Ribonuclease T1.
An enzyme isolated from the pancreas of ruminants that transfers the 3′-phosphate of a pyrimidine ribonucleotide residue in a polynucleotide from the 5′-position of the adjoining nucleotide to the 2′-position of the pyrimidine nucleotide itself (a transferase, endonuclease action), thus breaking the chain and forming a pyrimidine 2′,3′-cyclic phosphate, then (or independently) hydrolyzing this phosphodiester to leave a pyrimidine nucleoside 3′-phosphate residue (phosphodiesterase action); used in cytochemistry to selectively degrade and remove RNA as a control for staining of RNA.

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ri·bo·nu·cle·ase .rī-bō-'n(y)ü-klē-.ās, -.āz n an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of RNA called also RNase

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n.
an enzyme, located in the lysosome of cells, that splits RNA at specific places in the molecule.

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ri·bo·nu·cle·ase (ri″bo-nooґkle-ās) any nuclease (q.v.) specifically catalyzing the cleavage of phosphate ester linkages in ribonucleic acids; the ribonucleases are grouped as those cleaving internal bonds (endoribonucleases) and those cleaving at termini (exoribonucleases).

Medical dictionary. 2011.

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  • Ribonuclease — Ribonucléase Les ribonucléases (ou RNases) sont un type de nucléases qui catalysent la dégradation de l ARN en éléments plus petits. On divise les ribonucléases en endoribonucléases et exoribonucléases et on les répartit en plusieurs sous classes …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Ribonuclease T1 — (sometimes abbreviated RNase T1) is a fungal endonuclease that cleaves single stranded RNA after guanine residues, i.e., on their 3 end; the most commonly studied form of this enzyme is the version found in the mold Aspergillus oryzae . Owing to… …   Wikipedia

  • Ribonuclease A — (RNase A) is an endonuclease that cleaves single stranded RNA. Bovine pancreatic RNase A is one of the classic model systems of protein science.HistoryThe importance of bovine pancreatic RNase A was secured when the Armour Co. (of hot dog fame)… …   Wikipedia

  • Ribonuclease — Ribonuclease, abbreviated commonly as RNase, is a nuclease that catalyzes the degradation of RNA into smaller components. Ribonucleases can be divided into endoribonucleases and exoribonucleases, and comprise several sub classes within the EC 2.7 …   Wikipedia

  • ribonucléase — [ ribonykleaz ] n. f. • 1963; de ribo et nucléase ♦ Biochim. Enzyme qui catalyse l hydrolyse de l acide ribonucléique (cf. Désoxyribonucléase). ● ribonucléase nom féminin Enzyme (dont la séquence des acides aminés est entièrement connue) qui… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • ribonuclease — ribonuclease. См. РНК аза. (Источник: «Англо русский толковый словарь генетических терминов». Арефьев В.А., Лисовенко Л.А., Москва: Изд во ВНИРО, 1995 г.) …   Молекулярная биология и генетика. Толковый словарь.

  • ribonuclease A — ribonuclease A. См. рибонуклеаза А. (Источник: «Англо русский толковый словарь генетических терминов». Арефьев В.А., Лисовенко Л.А., Москва: Изд во ВНИРО, 1995 г.) …   Молекулярная биология и генетика. Толковый словарь.

  • ribonuclease D — ribonuclease D. См. рибонуклеаза D. (Источник: «Англо русский толковый словарь генетических терминов». Арефьев В.А., Лисовенко Л.А., Москва: Изд во ВНИРО, 1995 г.) …   Молекулярная биология и генетика. Толковый словарь.

  • ribonuclease P — ribonuclease P. См. рибонуклеаза P. (Источник: «Англо русский толковый словарь генетических терминов». Арефьев В.А., Лисовенко Л.А., Москва: Изд во ВНИРО, 1995 г.) …   Молекулярная биология и генетика. Толковый словарь.

  • ribonuclease TI — ribonuclease TI. См. рибонуклеаза TI. (Источник: «Англо русский толковый словарь генетических терминов». Арефьев В.А., Лисовенко Л.А., Москва: Изд во ВНИРО, 1995 г.) …   Молекулярная биология и генетика. Толковый словарь.

  • Ribonucléase T1 — ● Ribonucléase T1 synonyme de takadiastase …   Encyclopédie Universelle

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