Arbovirus

Arbovirus
A class of viruses transmitted to humans by arthropods such as mosquitoes and ticks. The first two letters of the words arthropod' and borne, make up the 'arbo' that now designates this group of viruses as arthropod-borne. The arboviruses were originally called 'arborviruses' but the spelling was changed, dropping the second 'r' because of the potential of mis-identification with trees. For information about the arboviruses, see Arboviral encephalitis.
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An old name for a large, heterogeneous group of RNA viruses. There are over 500 species, which are distributed among several families (Togaviridae, Flaviviridae, Bunyaviridae, Arenaviridae, Rhabdoviridae, Reoviridae), and which have been recovered from arthropods, bats, and rodents; most, but not all, are arthropod-borne. These taxonomically diverse animal viruses are unified by an epidemiologic concept, i.e., transmission between vertebrate hosts by blood-feeding (hematophagous) arthropod vectors, such as mosquitoes, ticks, sandflies, and midges.. Although about 100 species can infect humans, in most instances diseases produced by these viruses are of a very mild nature and difficult to distinguish from illnesses caused by viruses of other taxonomic groups. Apparent infections may be separated into several clinical syndromes: undifferentiated type fevers (systemic febrile disease), hepatitis, hemorrhagic fevers, and encephalitides. [ar, arthropod, + bo, borne, + virus]

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ar·bo·vi·rus -'vī-rəs n any of various RNA viruses (as an arenavirus, bunyavirus, or flavivirus) transmitted principally by arthropods and including the causative agents of encephalitis, yellow fever, and dengue
ar·bo·vi·ral -rəl adj

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n.
one of a group of RNA-containing viruses that are transmitted from animals to humans by insects (i.e. arthropods; hence arthropod-borne viruses) and cause diseases resulting in encephalitis or serious fever, such as dengue and yellow fever.

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ar·bo·vi·rus (ahrґbo-vi″rəs) [from arthropod-borne + virus] any member of an epidemiologic class of viruses (the arboviruses) that replicate in blood-feeding arthropods and are transmitted by bite to the host. Arboviruses can be grouped serologically; the original groups were designated A, B, and C, but new groups are named from the first member of the group to be discovered. Arboviruses are contained in the families Arenaviridae, Bunyaviridae, Flaviviridae, Reoviridae, Rhabdoviridae, and Togaviridae; a few are unclassified. “Arbovirus” has no relationship to viral chemistry, morphology, or replication and so has no standing as a legitimate taxonomic term. arboviral adj

Medical dictionary. 2011.

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  • ARBOVIRUS — L’expression anglaise «Arthropodborne virus» (qui signifie virus véhiculé par les Arthropodes) a été simplifiée en «arbovirus», terme consacré par le congrès de microbiologie de Montréal en 1966. Il s’applique à plus de 400 virus dont certains… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • Arbovirus — Saltar a navegación, búsqueda Virus de la rubeola, un Togaviridae. Los arbovirus es el nombre mnemónico que se la ha dado a un conjunto de virus transmitidos todos por artrópodos, del inglés arthropod borne viru …   Wikipedia Español

  • arbovirus — un complejo grupo de virus muy dispares, la mayoría patógenos para los vertebrados que reciben este nombre por ser transmitidos por artrópodos. Se clasifican en varias grandes familias Clasificación [véase… …   Diccionario médico

  • Arbovirus — is a shortened name given to viruses that are transmitted by arthropods, or arthropod borne viruses [cite web |url= http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/arbor/arbdet.htm |title= CDC Information on Arboviral Encephalitides | accessdate=2007 02 07 ] .… …   Wikipedia

  • arbovirus — [är΄bə vī′rəs] n. [ AR(THROPOD) + BO(RNE) + VIRUS] any of a group of RNA viruses, including those that cause yellow fever and viral encephalitis, which are transmitted to people by certain bloodsucking arthropods, esp. mosquitoes and ticks …   English World dictionary

  • Arbovirus — Arbovirus …   Wikipédia en Français

  • arbovirus — /ahr beuh vuy reuhs/, n., pl. arboviruses. any of several groups of RNA containing viruses that are transmitted by bloodsucking arthropods, as ticks, fleas, or mosquitoes, and may cause encephalitis, yellow fever, or dengue fever. [1955 60;… …   Universalium

  • arbovirus — Grupo de virus que se desarrolla en artrópodos (principalmente mosquitos y garrapatas). El nombre deriva del inglés arthropod borne virus. La partícula viral esferoidal está envuelta en una membrana grasa, contiene ARN y no causa daño aparente al …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • arbovirus — /ˈaboʊvaɪrəs/ (say ahbohvuyruhs) noun 1. a virus carried by an arthropod such as a mosquito. 2. Also, arbovirus encephalitis. a form of encephalitis caused by such a virus …  

  • arbovirus Bunyamwera — Cualquiera de los virus que infectan al ser humano, son transmitidos por mosquitos desde los roedores que sirven de intermediarios y causan la encefalitis de California, la fiebre del valle del Rift y otras enfermedades caracterizadas por cefalea …   Diccionario médico

  • arbovirus — noun Etymology: arthropod borne virus Date: 1957 any of various RNA viruses (as the causative agents of encephalitis, yellow fever, and dengue) transmitted chiefly by arthropods …   New Collegiate Dictionary

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