You can mark you interesting snippets of text that will be available through a unique link in your browser.


Toxin

Translation
Toxin
One of a number of poisons produced by certain plants, animals, and bacteria. The term "toxin" is frequently used to refer specifically to a particular protein produced by some higher plants, animals and pathogenic (disease-causing) bacteria. A toxin typically has a high molecular weight (as compared to a simple chemical poison), is antigenic (elicits an antibody response), and is highly poisonous to living creatures. The word "toxin" comes from the Greek "toxikon" = arrow poison and was introduced to medicine in 1888 by the Berlin physician Ludwig Brieger (1849-1909) as a name for poisons made by infectious agents.
* * *
A noxious or poisonous substance that is formed or elaborated either as an integral part of the cell or tissue, as an extracellular product (exotoxin), or as a combination of the two, during the metabolism and growth of certain microorganisms and some higher plant and animal species. [G. toxikon, poison]
- animal t. SYN: zootoxin.
- anthrax t. a culture filtrate of Bacillus anthracis containing an exotoxin with at least three different antigenically distinct components: edema factor, lethal factor, and protective antigen. SYN: Bacillus anthracis t..
- Bacillus anthracis t. SYN: anthrax t..
- bacterial t. any intracellular or extracellular t. formed in or elaborated by bacterial cells.
- bee t. the t. delivered by a bee sting; contains three active principles: biogenic amines, active peptides, and certain hydrolytic enzymes.
- botulinus t. a potent exotoxin that is highly neurotoxic from Clostridium botulinum. SYN: botulin, botulismotoxin.
- cholera t. Vibrio cholerae.
- Clostridium perfringens alpha t. a phospholipase produced by Clostridium perfringens that increases vascular permeability and produces necrosis.
- Clostridium perfringens beta t. a substance produced by Clostridium perfringens that causes necrosis and induces hypertension by causing release of catecholamine.
- Clostridium perfringens epsilon t. a t. produced by Clostridium perfringens that increases the permeability of the gastrointestinal wall.
- Clostridium perfringens iota t. a binary t. produced by Clostridium perfringens responsible for necrosis and increased vascular permeability.
- cobra t. SYN: cobrotoxin.
- Crotalus t. the t. of rattlesnake.
- dinoflagellate t. a potent neurotoxin that is thought to act similarly to botulinus t. by impairing the synthesis or the release of acetylcholine. Responsible for “red tide” loss of shellfish.
- diphtheria t. Corynebacterium diphtheriae.
- normal t. a t. solution holding exactly 100 lethal doses in 1 mL.
- plant t. SYN: phytotoxin.
- Schick test t. Corynebacterium diphtheriae t. diluted so that the inoculated dose (0.1 or 0.2 mL) will contain 150th of a guinea pig minimal lethal dose. SEE ALSO: Schick test. SYN: diagnostic diphtheria t..
- Shiga t. the endotoxin formed by Shigella dysenteriae type 1.
- Shigalike t. SYN: vero cytotoxin.
- streptococcus erythrogenic t. a culture filtrate of lysogenized group A strains of β-hemolytic streptococci, erythrogenic when inoculated into the skin of susceptible persons, and neutralized by antibodies that appear during scarlet fever convalescence; three immunologic types (A, B, and C) are recognized. SYN: Dick test t., erythrogenic t., scarlet fever erythrogenic t..
- tetanus t. the neurotropic, heat-labile exotoxin of Clostridium tetani and the cause of tetanus; it has been isolated as a crystalline protein (molecular weight 67,000), is one of the most poisonous substances known, and seems to function by blocking inhibitory synaptic impulses. SYN: tetanotoxin.

Medical dictionary. 2011.

  
Share  

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Toxin — Personnage de fiction apparaissant dans Spider Man Alias Patrick Pat Mulligan (véritable identité), Larry (identité alternative), Fils de Carnage …   Wikipédia en Français

  • toxin — noun токсин Syn: see poison …   Англо-русский словарь Мюллера

  • Toxin — Tox in, Toxine Tox ine, n. [Gr. toxiko n. See {Toxic}. ] A poisonous product formed by an organism, such as a pathogenic bacterium, a plant or an animal, usually having a high molecular weight, often a protein or a polysaccharide, but… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • toxin — 1> токсин, яд …   Новый большой англо-русский словарь

  • toxin — toxin. См. токсин. (Источник: «Англо русский толковый словарь генетических терминов». Арефьев В.А., Лисовенко Л.А., Москва: Изд во ВНИРО, 1995 г.) …   Молекулярная биология и генетика. Толковый словарь.

  • Toxin — This article is about the class of poisonous substances. For other uses, see Toxin (disambiguation). Universal warning symbol used to indicate toxic substances or environments A toxin (from Ancient Greek: τοξικόν toxikon) is a poisonous… …   Wikipedia

  • Toxin — Para otros usos de este término, véase Toxina (desambiguación). Toxin Primera aparición Venom/Carnage #1 (como Patrick Mulligan) Venom/Carnage #2 (como Toxin) Marvel Comics Creador(es) Peter Milligan y Clayton Crain …   Wikipedia Español

  • toxin — токсин bacterial toxin бактериальный [микробный] токсин burn toxin ожоговый токсин cholera toxin холерный энтеротоксин, холерный экзотоксин, холероген dermonecrotic toxin дермонекротический токсин, дермонекротоксин (один из бактериальных факторов …   Англо-русский словарь по иммунологии

  • toxin — ˈtɔksɪn сущ. токсин Syn : poison токсин, яд toxin токсин …   Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь

  • Toxin — Ein Toxin (griechisch τοξίνη, altgriechisch ausgesprochen toxíne, „die giftige [Substanz]“) ist ein Gift, das von einem Lebewesen synthetisiert wird. Die wissenschaftliche Disziplin, die sich mit der Erforschung von Giften, ihrer Wirkung und… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

Фильмы

  • We Are Moving to the Future, 1974 — About disarmament and environmental protection.
  • There Is No Third Choice., 1979 — The film about the armament drive in the countries of Western Europe, about the beginning of the Cold War and peaceful initiatives of theUSSR.